Operations with Numbers
In Grade 2, students build on their understanding of addition and subtraction while being introduced to the foundations of multiplication and division. They develop strategies for solving more complex problems and begin to understand the relationship between operations.
Grade Two Expectations for Operations with Numbers
Essential Learning Outcome 1: Additive Thinking - Understanding addition, subtraction and their relationship
- Add up to three two-digit numbers using strategies based on place value and properties of operations
- Add and subtract within 100, using concrete models, drawings, and strategies based on place value
- Mentally add 10 or 100 to a given number 100-900, and mentally subtract 10 or 100 from a given number 100-900
- Represent and solve addition and subtraction word problems within 100, with unknowns in all positions
- Use addition to find the total number of objects arranged in rectangular arrays with up to 5 rows and up to 5 columns
- Write an equation to express the total as a sum of equal addends
Specific Curriculum Outcomes
By the end of Grade Two, the learner will be expected to:
Inclusive Assessment Strategies
Assessment strategies that provide information about learning:
- Observations: Teacher observations during problem-solving activities, group work, and discussions about operations
- Conversations: Student explanations of their strategies and reasoning when solving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division problems
- Products: Student work samples, including written solutions, drawings, and models demonstrating their understanding of operations
Sample Assessment Tools:
- Observation checklists for addition and subtraction strategies
- Rubrics for evaluating student understanding of arrays and equal groups
- Performance tasks involving solving word problems
- Exit tickets to assess daily learning objectives
- Math journals for students to explain their thinking and strategies
Inclusive Learning Strategies
Additional Resources and Materials
For Teachers
- Base-ten blocks and place value mats
- Counters and manipulatives for building arrays
- Number lines and hundreds charts
- Word problem cards and task cards
- OECS Grade 2 Mathematics Curriculum Guide
For Students
- Individual manipulatives for modeling operations
- Math journals for recording strategies and solutions
- Visual aids for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division
- Number cards and dice for math games
- Personal hundreds charts and number lines
Teacher Content Knowledge
Addition and subtraction are two operations which must be clear to young children. Addition in math is a process of combining two or more numbers. Addends are the numbers being added, and the result or the final answer we get after the process is called the sum. The operation or process of finding the difference between two numbers or quantities is known as subtraction. Multiplication is one of the four basic Math operations. It is the opposite of division. When we multiply numbers (factors), our answer (product) gets bigger. Multiplication gives the same answer as repeated addition, that is, we add the same number/quantity a number of times.