Engineering Design
The study of engineering design encompasses knowledge about how to solve problems through the development of new or improved objects or tools. Students will investigate the engineering design process, from defining problems to testing solutions. Through hands-on activities and collaboration, students will develop skills in creative problem-solving and critical thinking.
Grade Two Expectations for Engineering Design
Essential Learning Outcome 1: Ask questions, make observations, and gather information about a situation people want to change to define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool.
- Identify problems in everyday situations that could be solved through engineering
- Ask questions to clarify problems and gather information
- Make observations to better understand problems
- Define problems in a way that can be addressed through engineering
- Communicate problem definitions clearly
Specific Curriculum Outcomes
By the end of Grade Two, the learner will be expected to:
Inclusive Assessment Strategies
Assessment strategies that provide information about learning:
- Observations: Teacher observations during design challenges, problem-solving activities, and testing of solutions
- Conversations: Student explanations, questions, and discussions about engineering problems and solutions
- Products: Student sketches, drawings, models, and written responses
Sample Assessment Tools:
- Observation checklists for design process activities
- Rubrics for evaluating design solutions and models
- Engineering journals with prompts for recording design ideas and test results
- Performance tasks that require application of engineering design process
- Self-assessment tools for group work and collaboration
Inclusive Learning Strategies
Additional Resources and Materials
For Teachers
- OECS Grade 2 Science Curriculum Guide
- Engineering design process posters and charts
- Examples of everyday objects with different shapes and functions
- Design challenge activity guides
- Testing and data collection templates
For Students
- Simple materials for creating models (paper, cardboard, clay, etc.)
- Drawing and sketching supplies
- Engineering journals for recording design ideas and test results
- Testing materials (rulers, timers, weights, etc.)
- Examples of engineering solutions to everyday problems
Teacher Content Knowledge
Engineering is the process of designing solutions to problems using science, mathematics, and creativity. The engineering design process is a series of steps that engineers follow to solve problems: ask (define the problem), imagine (brainstorm solutions), plan (select a solution and draw it), create (build a prototype), and improve (test and refine the design). The shape of an object is closely related to its function. For example, aerodynamic shapes reduce air resistance, while strong shapes like triangles provide stability in structures. Testing is an essential part of the engineering process. By testing multiple designs and analyzing the results, engineers can identify strengths and weaknesses and make improvements. Engineers work in many different fields, including mechanical, electrical, civil, and biomedical engineering, to solve a wide range of problems.