Energy Activities

Investigate energy transformations, renewable energy systems, and conservation principles through hands-on experiments and Caribbean energy applications.

Activity 1: Caribbean Renewable Energy Systems Investigation

Design and test renewable energy systems suitable for Caribbean island environments

110 minutes
Teams of 4
Energy conversion & system design

Learning Objectives

  • • Design renewable energy systems for island communities
  • • Investigate energy conversion efficiency
  • • Analyze factors affecting energy production
  • • Evaluate environmental impacts of energy systems
  • • Calculate energy costs and benefits

Energy System Components

  • • Small solar panels and photovoltaic cells
  • • Wind turbine construction materials
  • • LED lights and small motors
  • • Batteries and capacitors
  • • Multimeters and measurement tools
  • • Construction materials (wood, plastic)

Design Process

1

Energy Assessment (25 minutes)

Analyze Caribbean energy resources and community needs

2

System Design and Construction (50 minutes)

Build and optimize renewable energy prototypes

3

Performance Testing (35 minutes)

Measure efficiency and analyze optimization strategies

Caribbean Energy Resources

  • • Solar: 300+ days of sunshine annually
  • • Wind: Trade winds 15-25 mph
  • • Geothermal: Volcanic island potential
  • • Ocean: Wave and tidal energy

Energy System Design Challenges

Solar Power System
  • • Optimize panel angle for latitude
  • • Design battery storage system
  • • Calculate daily energy production
  • • Account for weather variability
Wind Energy System
  • • Design efficient turbine blades
  • • Optimize for trade wind patterns
  • • Consider hurricane resistance
  • • Minimize noise and visual impact
Hybrid System Integration
  • • Combine solar and wind sources
  • • Design smart grid connections
  • • Implement energy storage solutions
  • • Create backup power systems

Energy Efficiency Analysis

Performance Metrics
  • • Power output measurements (watts)
  • • Energy conversion efficiency (%)
  • • Cost per kilowatt-hour
  • • Environmental impact assessment
Optimization Strategies
  • • Maximum power point tracking
  • • Load balancing techniques
  • • Maintenance scheduling
  • • System redundancy planning

Activity 2: Energy Conservation and Efficiency Laboratory

Investigate energy conservation principles through thermal dynamics and mechanical efficiency experiments

90 minutes
Teams of 3
Conservation laws & efficiency analysis

Learning Objectives

  • • Investigate conservation of energy principles
  • • Analyze energy transformations in mechanical systems
  • • Measure thermal energy transfer rates
  • • Calculate efficiency of energy conversion devices
  • • Design energy-efficient solutions for Caribbean buildings

Laboratory Equipment

  • • Pendulum apparatus and timing devices
  • • Inclined planes and rolling objects
  • • Calorimeters and thermometers
  • • Insulation materials for testing
  • • Spring scales and force meters
  • • Data logging sensors

Investigation Protocol

1

Mechanical Energy Conservation (35 minutes)

Test pendulum and inclined plane energy transformations

2

Thermal Energy Transfer (35 minutes)

Investigate heat conduction, convection, and radiation

3

Building Efficiency Design (20 minutes)

Apply findings to Caribbean building design challenges

Energy Forms

  • • Kinetic energy (motion)
  • • Potential energy (position)
  • • Thermal energy (heat)
  • • Electrical energy (current)

Mechanical Energy Experiments

Pendulum Energy Analysis
  • • Measure potential energy at maximum height
  • • Calculate kinetic energy at bottom of swing
  • • Analyze energy losses due to friction
  • • Investigate period and amplitude relationships
Inclined Plane Investigation
  • • Compare rolling vs. sliding objects
  • • Measure work done against friction
  • • Calculate mechanical advantage
  • • Analyze efficiency of simple machines

Caribbean Building Efficiency Applications

Cooling Strategies
  • • Natural ventilation design
  • • Reflective roofing materials
  • • Thermal mass optimization
  • • Shade structure placement
Insulation Testing
  • • Compare local vs. imported materials
  • • Test coconut fiber insulation
  • • Analyze bamboo thermal properties
  • • Evaluate cost-effectiveness
Hurricane Resistance
  • • Wind load calculations
  • • Structural energy absorption
  • • Emergency power systems
  • • Rapid recovery designs