Earth Systems Activities

Investigate Earth's interconnected systems through hands-on modeling and data analysis of atmospheric, hydrospheric, and geospheric processes.

Activity 1: Advanced Water Cycle System Modeling

Create comprehensive models of the water cycle including energy transfers and climate interactions

90 minutes
Teams of 4
Systems modeling & energy flow

Learning Objectives

  • • Model water movement through Earth's systems
  • • Analyze energy transfers in the water cycle
  • • Investigate climate factors affecting water distribution
  • • Connect local Caribbean water systems to global patterns
  • • Evaluate human impacts on water cycle processes

Materials

  • • Large clear containers for ecosystem models
  • • Heat lamps and thermometers
  • • Ice cubes and hot water
  • • Plastic wrap and rubber bands
  • • Food coloring and pH strips
  • • Digital scales for mass measurements

Investigation Process

1

System Construction (30 minutes)

Build closed-system water cycle models with multiple variables

2

Data Collection (40 minutes)

Monitor temperature, humidity, and water movement patterns

3

Climate Analysis (20 minutes)

Connect findings to Caribbean climate patterns and global systems

Energy Variables

  • • Solar radiation intensity
  • • Surface temperature differences
  • • Atmospheric pressure changes
  • • Humidity and condensation rates

Caribbean Climate Connections

Hurricane Formation
  • • Ocean temperature requirements
  • • Atmospheric pressure systems
  • • Water vapor and energy transfer
  • • Seasonal pattern analysis
Drought and Rainfall Patterns
  • • Trade wind effects on precipitation
  • • Orographic rainfall in mountainous islands
  • • El Niño/La Niña impacts
  • • Water resource management strategies

Activity 2: Caribbean Geology and Plate Tectonic Modeling

Investigate volcanic activity and earthquake patterns in the Caribbean through geological modeling

85 minutes
Teams of 3
Geological processes & hazard assessment

Learning Objectives

  • • Model plate tectonic processes affecting the Caribbean
  • • Investigate volcanic formation and eruption patterns
  • • Analyze earthquake distribution and causes
  • • Evaluate geological hazards and risk assessment
  • • Connect geological processes to island formation

Geological Modeling Kit

  • • Modeling clay (different colors)
  • • Foam boards for plate models
  • • Baking soda and vinegar for eruptions
  • • Sand and gravel for sediment layers
  • • Pressure plates and weights
  • • Caribbean geological maps

Modeling Sequence

1

Plate Boundary Construction (25 minutes)

Model Caribbean, North American, and South American plates

2

Volcanic Activity Simulation (35 minutes)

Create eruption models and analyze lava flow patterns

3

Hazard Assessment (25 minutes)

Evaluate risks and develop emergency preparedness plans

Caribbean Volcanoes

  • • Soufrière Hills (Montserrat)
  • • La Soufrière (St. Vincent)
  • • Mount Pelée (Martinique)
  • • Kick 'em Jenny (Grenada)

Risk Assessment and Preparedness

Volcanic Hazards
  • • Pyroclastic flows
  • • Ash fall patterns
  • • Lahar formation
  • • Gas emissions
Earthquake Risks
  • • Fault line mapping
  • • Tsunami potential
  • • Building codes
  • • Emergency protocols
Community Preparedness
  • • Evacuation routes
  • • Emergency supplies
  • • Communication systems
  • • Recovery planning